Peace and War Summit

The Peace and War Summit examines significant international issues in order to recommend viable solutions. The Summit is a two-day event that will host government officials, prominent scholars, and policy experts at 四虎影视鈥擜merica鈥檚 oldest private military college, located in Vermont. The culmination of the event is the publication of the Journal of Peace and War Studies

Welcome to the Summit!

March 17 to 18, 2025

Latin America in the 21st Century: Retreat or Progress?

The international community is confronted with numerous significant challenges, including military conflicts in Eastern Europe and the Middle East, an emerging new Cold War between democracy and authoritarianism, natural disasters prompted by climate change, and economic instability triggered by unstable geopolitical conditions. 

Along with these global challenges, Latin America is not immune from multiple serious problems. Many Latin Americans who suffer from perilous domestic circumstances due to the omnipresence of drug cartels, a near-constant barrage of gang violence, and volatile political and economic situations seek to immigrate to the United States. Such an endeavor is undertaken in a variety of extra-legal capacities that result in grim human rights violations and tensions between the U.S. and Latin American nations (as well as internally among U.S. communities). Countries like Venezuela, Haiti, and El Salvador are experiencing chaotic domestic political conditions due to rampant corruption at the highest levels that has trickled down to infect nearly the entire populace. Beyond cartels, gangs, and corruption, the size of the earth鈥檚 lungs, the Amazon rainforest in Brazil is rapidly diminishing due to unconstrained economic development plans and the monetization of displacement. Furthermore, while the U.S. has long maintained a dominant position in Latin America since the Monroe Doctrine was declared in 1823, China and Russia seek to enhance their political and economic influence throughout the region. With such realities in mind, 四虎影视鈥檚 6th Peace and War Summit thoroughly addresses the significant challenges that Latin American nations have faced by way of scholarly presentations and discussions and the involvement in such conversations of Vermont-based organizations that work with the Vermont Latin American community.

 

Featured Guest Speakers

S Diaz-Luna PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Sergio D铆az-Luna is an assistant professor at 四虎影视 specializing in Latin American neo-avant-garde aesthetics, with a particular focus on literary and visual studies, digital narratives and transmedia. He earned his PhD in Latin American Literatures and Cultures from the University of California, Davis, where he explored how literary criticism can enrich its analytical power and impact by blending critical analysis with creative writing techniques. At the 2025 Peace and War Summit at 四虎影视, Dr. D铆az Luna will present on 鈥淐onflict and Restoration in Colombia: Visual Narratives of 鈥楲as Violencias鈥,鈥 leveraging the works of renowned Colombian artists such as Doris Salcedo, Oscar Mu帽oz, Fernando Botero, Beatriz Gonz谩lez, and C茅sar L贸pez. His talk delves into how artists and citizens navigate the aftermath of war to foster reconciliation and healing. Dr. D铆az Luna鈥檚 participation underscores his commitment to understanding and addressing the enduring challenges of violence and peace in the 21st century. 

E Ellis PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Evan Ellis is a research professor of Latin American Studies at the U.S. Army War College Strategic Studies Institute, with a focus on the region鈥檚 relationships with China and other non-Western Hemisphere actors, as well as transnational organized crime and populism in the region. 

Dr. Ellis has published over 500 works, including five books, most recently China Engages Latin America: Distorting Development and Democracy? Dr. Ellis previously served as on the Secretary of State鈥檚 Policy Planning Staff with responsibility for Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as International Narcotics and Law Enforcement. He has testified about his work to the US Congress on various occasions, and has discussed his work on a broad range of radio and television programs. Dr. Ellis has also been awarded the Order of Military Merit Jos茅 Mar铆a C贸rdova by the Colombian government for his scholarship on security issues in the region.

RJ Groh PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Rita Boyajian Groh is a Teaching Professor of Political Science at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, where she specializes in the intersection of diaspora communities and international relations. With a deep commitment to understanding the global dynamics of migration, identity, and political engagement, Dr. Groh鈥檚 research explores the significant and often underexplored role that diasporas play in shaping both their host and home countries. Dr. Groh's scholarly work focuses on how diaspora groups serve as conduits for a range of transnational activities, from cultural exchange and political advocacy to economic development and humanitarian initiatives. Her research examines the ways in which these communities not only maintain ties to their countries of origin but also act as influential actors in international affairs, contributing to the development of policy decisions, cross-border trade, and the promotion of global human rights and democracy. One of the central themes in Dr. Groh鈥檚 work is the idea of "transnational identity." She studies how members of diaspora communities navigate complex identities, balancing the preservation of their heritage with the demands of integration into new societies. Through this lens, Dr. Groh analyzes how diasporas influence both the political landscapes of their host countries and the socio-economic and cultural dynamics of their countries of origin. Her research challenges traditional notions of borders, sovereignty, and statehood, providing a more nuanced understanding of global interdependence.

M Malone PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Mary Fran T. Malone (Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh) is Professor of Political Science at the University of New Hampshire.  Her research focuses on political attitudes and behaviors in Latin America, particularly citizen support for the rule of law, political institutions, and democratic governance.  Prof. Malone鈥檚 recent book, Making Police Reform Matter in Latin America, examines how democracies can build police forces that fight crime while also protecting the civil liberties and rights of the citizens they serve.  Prof. Malone has also written articles for academics, practitioners, and the broader public about crime and migration in Central America.  She has served as an expert witness for immigration hearings for Central Americans seeking asylum in the United States and Canada.

M Paranziono PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Michelle D. Paranzino is associate professor in the Strategy & Policy Department and director of the Latin America Studies Group at the US Naval War College. She is the author of The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War: A Short History with Documents (Hackett, 2018) and is currently working on a book about Ronald Reagan and the War on Drugs.

J Regan PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Joshua Regan is an Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice and Criminology at Western New England University. His research primarily focuses on failed states, terrorism, contemporary maritime piracy, border security, and patterns of criminal behavior in declining urban neighborhoods. His research has been published in several peer-reviewed journals and presented throughout North America and Europe. Dr. Regan completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Connecticut, earning a bachelor鈥檚 degree in geography and political science in 2007. Two years later, he earned a master鈥檚 degree in geography from UCONN. He then completed a second master鈥檚 degree in national security in 2010 from the University of New Haven, prior to his acceptance into their doctoral program. In 2018, Dr. Regan graduated from the University of New Haven with a doctoral degree in criminal justice.

K Schweitzer PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Kenneth Schweitzer is an Associate Professor and Associate Chair of Music at Washington College in Chestertown, MD. He holds a Master of Music in Ethnomusicology and a Doctorate of Musical Arts in Percussion Performance, and has been engaging with Cuban musical culture for nearly 30 years. Though his early research focused on Afro-Cuban religious ritual, his research and scholarship in the last 10 years has shifted to examining Cuban art and music more holistically within the context of a rapidly changing Cuban society. His published papers, presentations, and guest lectures include topics related to edu-tourism, Cuban responses to the COVID-19 crisis, cultural responses to the near-collapse of the Cuban tourist economy, and art & music as vital expressions of state propaganda, national identity, cultural resistance, and resilience. Dr. Schweitzer travels to Cuba several times per year, conducting research, performing, and engaging the tourism sector as he leads groups of students from various colleges and universities.

M Singer PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Matthew Singer is the Alan R. Bennett Honors Professor of Political Science at the University of Connecticut. He received his PhD from Duke University. He is the co-editor of the book The Latin American Voter: Pursuing Representation and Accountability in Challenging Contexts (University of Michigan Press, with Elizabeth Zechmeister and Ryan Carlin) and of the book Economics and Politics Revisited: Executive Approval and the New Calculus of Support (Oxford University Press, with Timothy Hellwig) along with numerous articles and book chapters. He has also assisted on reports for the Latin American Public Opinion Project on how the public evaluates democracy and government institutions in the Americas.

K Thomas PAWC Summit 25

Dr. Kaitlin E. Thomas is an Assistant Professor of Spanish and the World Languages Coordinator at 四虎影视. Her research delves into U.S. and Latina/o identities that are resulting from trans-border cultural and national fusion, (un)documented Latina/o immigration, and contemporary border regions. She is interested in intersections between social media and cultural iconography as well as exploring music as a site for resistance. Dr. Thomas holds a Ph.D. in Hispanic Studies from the University of Birmingham (U.K.), a M.A. in Latin American and Spanish Literature and Culture from New York University, B.A. degrees in Hispanic Studies and Music from Washington College, and a Graduate Certificate in TESOL from the University of Maryland. She has also completed non-degree studies with the Council of International Education Exchange in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Sevilla, Spain; the Centro Panoamericano de Idiomas in Guanacaste, Costa Rica; the Universidad Antonio de Nebrija in Madrid, Spain, and the Universidad Centroamericana 鈥淛os茅 Sime贸n Ca帽as鈥 in La Libertad, El Salvador.

Schedule

Monday, March 17

9 鈥 9:50 a.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
WELCOME REMARKS 
KEYNOTE ADDRESS

10 a.m. 鈥 10:50 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
PANEL SESSION I
Moderator: 
Presenters: 
Matthew Singer: Pressurizing Borders and Politics: Immigration Intention Trends in the Americas
Rita Boyajian Groh: Not Our Kind of Americans, Perceived Worthiness of Immigrants in the Justification of Blind Hatred 

11 a.m. 鈥 11:50 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
PANEL SESSION II
Moderator: 
Presenters:
Mary Malone: Lighting a Match in a Dry Forrest: How Organized Criminal Groups Capitalize on Inequality
Joshua Regan: Deforestation, Indigenous Rights, and Terrorism: Autonomous Movements by the Mapuche in Central Chile

1 p.m. 鈥 1:50 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
PANEL SESSION III
Moderator: 
Presenters: 
Evan Ellis: China鈥檚 impacts on Latin America and U.S. strategic equities 
Michelle D. Paranzino: Russian-Latin American Relations in and after the Cold War

2 p.m. 鈥 2:50 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
PANEL SESSION IV
Moderator: 
Presenter:
Kaitlin Thomas: Chilean Cacerolazo: Pots and Pans, Song and Social Media to Protest 
Kenneth Schweitzer: Cuban Music & Art within the Context of Contemporary US-Cuba Relations
Sergio D铆az-Luna: Conflict and Restoration in Colombia: Visual Narratives of 鈥楲as Violencias鈥

3:00 p.m. 鈥 4:30 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
STUDENT PANEL SESSION
Moderator:
Presenters: 
Discussants:

Tuesday, March 18

9:30 鈥 10:45 a.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION I: Complexities in Latin America
Chair: TBD
Panelists: Sergio D铆az-Luna, Evan Ellis, Kenneth Schweitzer, Mary Malone

11:00 a.m. 鈥 12:15 p.m.: Mack Hall Auditorium
ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION II: US Strategy toward Latin America
Chair: TBD
Panelists: Rita Boyajian Groh, Michelle D. Paranzino, Joshua Regan, Matthew Singer, Kaitlin Thomas

 


SUMMIT CONTACT
, Executive Director
Associate Professor, Political Science, 四虎影视
Associate Director, John and Mary Frances Patton Peace & War Center


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Journal of Peace & War Cover
AVAILABLE NOW

THE 2024 EDITION OF THE JOURNAL OF PEACE AND WAR STUDIES (JPWS)

The 2024 issue of the Journal of Peace and War Studies gives special focus to the theme, 鈥淲ar, Memory, and Reconciliation.鈥

Past Summits

March 18, 2024

  1. War, Memory, and Reconciliation

    Recently, a series of conflicts in Europe and the Middle East have erupted, bringing with them devastating human and economic tolls. While the international community has worked to prevent these regional conflicts from spilling over into wider, global incidents, they鈥檝e paid little attention to the human and political consequences that will linger as traumatic memories for years and decades to come. 四虎影视鈥檚 5th annual Peace and War Summit will explore wartime memories, and how nations can reconcile these traumatic events to better understand how the aftermath of a nation鈥檚 wartime experiences affects their citizens, infrastructure, and political climate long after the guns have been silenced.

March 20 to 21, 2023

 

  1. Peace in the Middle East: An Impossible Mission?

    The world community is confronted with a series of significant challenges. These challenges include escalating great power rivalries between the U.S. and China/Russia, concerns over nuclear war, economic instability, climate change, and pandemics. In this global context, the Middle East is engulfed in turbulent geopolitical dynamics, such as the power vacuum caused by U.S. disengagements in the region as well as the intensification of sectarian competition between Iran, its proxies and Israel and Sunni Arab countries. Thus, the Middle Eastern regional order remains complex and unstable while facing the lingering Israeli-Palestinian conflict, unstable economic conditions, and tumultuous civil war-like conditions in Syria, Libya, and Yemen. 四虎影视鈥檚 4th Peace and War Summit thoroughly addressed these challenges in the Middle East to advance our understanding of the region and outline effective solutions to construct a more peaceful regional order.

    READ JOURNAL

March 21 to 22, 2022

 

  1. Deciphering the Russian Riddle: National Interests & Geopolitical Competition

    The Peace and War Summit examines significant international issues in order to recommend viable solutions. The Summit is a two-day event that will host government officials, prominent scholars, policy experts at 四虎影视鈥擜merica鈥檚 oldest private military college, located in Vermont. The culmination of the event is the publication of the Journal of Peace and War Studies. The 3rd Summit, March 21-22, 2022, scrutinized various challenges deriving from Russia, which range from its territorial intrusion into Ukraine and Georgia to intervention into Syria to growing military partnership with China to its cyber-attacks and disinformation campaigns. 

    READ JOURNAL

October 4 to 8, 2021

  1. ISOMA Special Edition: Preparing Military Leaders to Effectively Resolve 21st Century Challenges

    The International Symposium of Military Academies (ISOMA) is a biennial international exchange forum focused on the training of young military officers and planned under the guidance of the International Association of Military Academies. The event included representatives from a variety of nations and explore meeting civil-military challenges through military leader relationships; developing military leaders鈥 capacity beyond traditional conceptions of land, sea and air; and leadership, ethics and educational challenges under the theme of Preparing Military Leaders to Effectively Resolve 21st Century Security Challenges.  四虎影视 was honored to be the first institution in the United States to host the symposium.

    READ JOURNAL

April 15 to 16, 2020

  1. On the Path to Conflict? Scrutinizing US-China Rivalry

    The Peace and War Summit examines significant international issues in order to recommend viable solutions. The Summit is a two-day event that hosts government officials, prominent scholars, policy experts at 四虎影视鈥擜merica鈥檚 oldest private military college, located in Vermont. The culmination of the event is the publication of the Journal of Peace and War Studies. The 2nd Summit, April 15-16, 2020, dealt with the rivalry between the United States and China, a rapidly rising challenger in world politics. Specifically, the Summit highlighted challenges derived from military/security, economic, and technological angles.

    READ JOURNAL